PHP in the year++
Get with the program: PHP 5.3 and beyond!
4. Desember 2013, TechShock
About me
Does search on Solr and Lucene, PHP and python for Amedia.
Just passed 15 years as a PHP developer (since PHP 3.0.3-ish).
Let's all go to the features!
Namespaces (5.3)
"The Battle of the Separators"
<?php
namespace foo;
class Bar {} // foo\Bar
<?php
require "foo.php";
use foo as baz;
$o = new baz\Bar();Late Static Binding (5.3)
(and dynamic access to static methods)
<?php
class A {
public static function who() { echo __CLASS__; }
public static function test() {
self::who(); static::who();
}
}
class B extends A {
public static function who() { echo __CLASS__; }
}
B::test(); // AB
$a = "foo";
$a::factory();Closures (5.3)
Makes functions first class members
$foo = function ($a) {
return $a*2;
}
$foo(8); // 16
$var = 32;
$foo = function ($a) use ($var)
{
return $a * $var;
}
$foo(8); // 256
Cycle-detecting Garbage Collector (5.3)
Fixes potential memory leaks with arrays containing other arrays, etc.
php-fpm (5.3)
"The PHP FastCGI Process Manager"
The weapon of choice for PHP on nginx in particular. Spawns a pool of FastCGI workers / processes that handles requests as they come in.
Traits - Horizontal Composition (5.4)
"Compiler Assisted Copy'n'paste"
<?php
trait HelloWorlder {
function hello() { echo "Hello World!\n"; }
}
class Welcomer {
use HelloWorlder;
}
(new Welcomer())->hello();Short Array Syntax (5.4)
<?php
$a = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz'];
$d = ['foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'eggs'];Function&Array Dereferencing (5.4)
<?php
function foo() {
return array('bar', 'baz', 'eggs', 'spam');
}
echo foo()[2]; // eggs
echo array('foo', 'bar', 'baz')[0]; // foo
echo ['foo', 'bar'][1]; // bar<?= Available At Any Time (5.4)
"Using PHP as an actual templating language? In all my days.."
<?= $foo ?> // <?php echo $foo; ?>Built in CLI Web Server for Development and Testing (5.4)
php -S localhost:8000 -t foo/ router.php<?php
if (preg_match('/\.(?:png|jpg|jpeg|gif)$/', $_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"])) {
return false; // serve the requested resource as-is.
}
echo "Insert default value here.";Callable as a Typehint (PHP 5.4)
<?php
class A {
static public function bar() {}
public function baz() {}
}
function spam() {}
function foo(Callable $foo) { $foo(); }
foo(array("A", "bar")); // works
foo([new A(), "baz"]); // works
foo("spam"); // works
foo(function () {}); // works
foo(14); // fatal error
foo("eggs"); // fatal errorA Native Password Library (5.5)
"Hash it like it's 1999"
Provides secure password hashing using BCRYPT and proper salting by default.
$hash = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_BCRYPT);if (password_verify($password, $hash)) {
Use password_compat on PHP < 5.5.
Generators (5.5)
"Give it to me baby, a-ha, a-ha"
<?php
function square($value) {
while (true) {
$value *= 2;
yield $value;
}
}
foreach (square(2) as $val) {
if ($val > 256) break;
var_dump($val); // 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
}Native opcache Extension Bundled (5.5)
"Zend Optimiser+ gets used!"
APC more or less dead; use APCu for in-memory cache if needed.
Resolve class name with ::class (5.5)
<?php
namespace foo;
class A {}
echo A::CLASS; // foo\AAll the small things
- Shorthand Ternary Operator (?:) (5.3)
$foo ?: "default"; - New magic methods (5.3)
__callStatic(), __invoke() - Callable as a typehint (5.4)
array('ClassName', 'Foo'), $closure, [$obj, 'method']
More the small things
- finally (try/catch/finally) (5.5)
- empty() with arbitary expressions (5.5)
if (empty(trim($foo))) // if (trim($foo)) - list() support in foreach() (5.5)
foreach ($arr as list($el1, $el2)) - JsonSerializable (5.5)
- mysqlnd used by default (5.5)
- Binary notation (0b101.0b101)
Let's get standardized
PSR-0: Autoloading done mostly right
A common protocol for how to map class names to actual file paths.
spl_autoload_register(function($className)
{
$className = ltrim($className, '\\');
$fileName = '';
$namespace = '';
if ($lastNsPos = strrpos($className, '\\')) {
$namespace = substr($className, 0, $lastNsPos);
$className = substr($className, $lastNsPos + 1);
$fileName = str_replace('\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $namespace) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
}
$fileName .= str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $className) . '.php';
require $fileName;
});
PSR-(1|2)
Common coding standards across frameworks.
Replaces the old PEAR coding standards / Zend / etc.
PSR-3
Logging interface
PSR-4: Eh, forget the last one about autoloading
Small changes to avoid a namespaced class mapping to the same file as a class name with _ as separators.
Foo\Bar\Baz vs Foo_Bar_Baz
Shorter path mapping, more suitable for composer-style distribution.
vendor/foo/bar/src/Baz
.. which leads us into ..